A Complete Guide To St Kitts And Nevis Citizenship by Investment

St Kitts and Nevis stands as the pioneer of the global citizenship by investment (CBI) industry, having introduced its groundbreaking program in 1984. As the longest-running and most reputable program of its kind, St Kitts and Nevis has set the platinum standard for citizenship by investment, continually evolving to meet the highest standards of due diligence and transparency.

Over the years, the CBI program has undergone significant transformations, including changes to investment thresholds, processing times and even the roles of licensed agents. The program’s restructuring has led to greater transparency and accountability which are key pillars of effective governance. The establishment of the incorporated Citizenship by Investment Unit (CIU) under the Citizenship by Investment Unit Act of 2024 has further solidified the program’s foundation, ensuring that processing efficiency and accuracy are maintained, while rigorous due diligence ensures that only high-caliber investors are approved.

Last updated on 13 September, 2024.

Benefits Of St Kitts And Nevis Citizenship

The St Kitts and Nevis citizenship by investment program offers a multitude of benefits, making it an attractive option for global investors. Some of the most compelling advantages include:

• Fast processing: obtain citizenship within 6 to 12 months.
• No minimum stay requirement: there is no requirement to reside in St Kitts and Nevis before or after obtaining citizenship.
• Include eligible family members: extend citizenship to your spouse, children and other dependents.
• Security of a Plan B citizenship: secure a reliable alternative citizenship and passport, providing peace of mind in an unpredictable world.
• Dual citizenship allowed: St Kitts and Nevis permits dual citizenship, so you don’t have to renounce your current nationality.
• Lifetime citizenship: citizenship is granted for life and can be passed down to future generations.
• Global mobility: enjoy visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to over 150 countries.
• CARICOM membership: live, work and study in St Kitts and Nevis or any other CARICOM country.
• Commonwealth membership: enjoy the privileges of being part of the commonwealth of nations.
• Robust legal framework: the CBI program is backed by strong legal structures ensuring investor protection.
• Political and economic stability: benefit from a politically stable and economically resilient environment.
• Favorable financial environment: take advantage of tax-free incentives and a business-friendly climate, including opportunities related to Nevis LLCs, multiform foundations and trusts.
• Asset diversification: diversify your assets by investing in a region outside your current domicile.
• Cultural richness: immerse yourself in the vibrant culture and rich history of St Kitts and Nevis.

Investment Options For St Kitts And Nevis Citizenship

Option #1: Sustainable Island State Contribution (SISC)

The Sustainable Island State Contribution (SISC) is an innovative investment option designed to support the economic and social development of St Kitts and Nevis. By contributing to the SISC, investors help the nation achieve its goals across seven key areas:

1. Increasing local food production
2. Transitioning to green energy
3. Diversifying the economy
4. Attracting and supporting sustainable industries
5. Evolving the creative economy
6. Recovering from the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic
7. Expanding social protections and safety nets

Minimum Investment Requirements

The donation amount will differ depending on how many dependents are included in the main applicant’s application.

• Single applicant: USD 250 000
• Family of up to four: USD 250 000
• Each additional dependent under 18: USD 25 000
• Each additional dependent aged 18 or over: USD 50 000

The investment is only required after the CBI application has been pre-approved.

Example

For a St Kitts and Nevis citizenship application with a main applicant, spouse, three minor children and three parents (mother and father of the main applicant and the mother of the spouse), the investment requirement would be calculated as follows:

• Base investment for a family of up to four (main applicant, spouse and two children): USD 250 000
• Additional dependent (child under 18): USD 25 000
• Additional dependents (three parents, all over 18): 3 x USD 50 000 = USD 150 000

The total donation amount needed for this family configuration would be USD 425 000.

Option #2: Developer’s Real Estate Investment Option

The real estate investment option allows investors to obtain St Kitts and Nevis citizenship through the purchase of a property within an approved development, such as luxury resorts or hotel shares. This option provides a strategic way to diversify your investment portfolio while directly contributing to the tourism and economic growth of St Kitts and Nevis. The investment not only grants citizenship but also offers the potential for returns from a growing tourism-driven market.

The property can be resold after the required holding period of 7 years, offering investors an exit strategy while maintaining their citizenship status.

Minimum Investment Requirements

The minimum investment of USD 400 000 must be paid directly to the developer of the approved real estate project. Typically, developers will request a deposit ranging from 10-20%, depending on their policies, which must be paid prior to submitting your CBI application. The remaining balance is due after your application has been pre-approved. Many developers do include a clause in the contract that allows for a refund of the deposit if the application is denied, though this can vary based on the specific developer’s terms.

While the minimum investment is paid directly to the developer, there are additional administrative fees required by the Citizenship by Investment Unit. These fees are only payable after your application has received pre-approval.

You can find a list of approved real estate projects on St Kitts and Nevis official government website.

Investment Requirement

• Minimum investment: USD 400 000

Post-Approval Admin Fees

• Main applicant: USD 25 000
• Spouse: USD 15 000
• Each dependent under 18: USD 10 000
• Each dependent aged 18 or over: USD 15 000

Example

Using the family example above, if the main applicant, spouse, three minor children and three parents (the main applicant’s mother and father and the spouse’s mother) proceed with the Developer Real Estate Investment option, the investment requirement for St Kitts and Nevis citizenship would be as follows:

Investment Requirement

• Base Investment for the entire family: USD 400 000 to be paid directly to the developer.

Post-Approval Admin Fees

• Main applicant: USD 25 000
• Spouse: USD 15 000
• Additional dependents (three children, all under 18): 3 x USD 10 000 = USD 30 000
• Additional dependents (three parents, all over 18): 3 x USD 15 000 = USD 45 000

The total investment required would be USD 400 000 for the real estate investment and USD 115 000 in post-approval admin fees.

Option #3: Private Real Estate Investment

St Kitts and Nevis is currently the only CBI program in the Caribbean offering a private real estate invest option. This option allows investors to acquire privately-owned properties, including condominiums, shares in private real estate developments or single-family homes. This option offers flexibility for those seeking a more personalized real estate investment while still qualifying for citizenship.

The property can be resold after the required holding period of 7 years, offering investors an exit strategy while maintaining their citizenship status. It’s important to note, however, that properties purchased under the Approved Private Real Estate option cannot be used again for a new St Kitts and Nevis Citizenship by Investment application. This means that future investors seeking citizenship through CBI must purchase a different private property, as resale of the same property does not qualify for another CBI submission.

Minimum Investment Requirements

While the minimum investment is paid directly to the sellers of the private property, there are additional administrative fees required by the Citizenship by Investment Unit. These fees are only payable after your application has received pre-approval.

Investment Requirement

• Condominium or development share: USD 400 000
• Single-family private home: USD 800 000

Along with the minimum investment required, investors should be aware of other costs that may apply. These include real estate agent fees, closing costs, property taxes, insurance, due diligence fees, legal fees and maintenance expenses. For properties such as condominiums or shared developments, there may also be property management fees. It’s important to consider these factors when evaluating the total financial commitment of the real estate investment.

Post-Approval Admin Fees

• Main applicant: USD 25 000
• Spouse: USD 15 000
• Each dependent under 18: USD 10 000
• Each dependent aged 18 or over: USD 15 000

Example

Using the family example above, if the main applicant, spouse, three minor children and three parents (the main applicant’s mother and father and the spouse’s mother) proceed with the Private Real Estate Investment option, the investment requirement for St Kitts and Nevis citizenship would be as follows:

Investment Requirement

• Base Investment for the entire family: USD 400 000/USD 800 000 (depending on the investment option) to be paid directly to the seller, with additional fees as applicable.

Post-Approval Admin Fees

• Main applicant: USD 25 000
• Spouse: USD 15 000
• Additional dependents (three children, all under 18): 3 x USD 10 000 = USD 30 000
• Additional dependents (three parents, all over 18): 3 x USD 15 000 = USD 45 000

The total investment required would be USD 400 000 for the real estate investment and USD 115 000 in post-approval admin fees.

Option #4: Public Benefit Option

The Public Benefit Option allows investors to contribute to projects that deliver substantial benefits to the people of St Kitts and Nevis. This could involve developing industries, financing real estate projects on State land or initiating other socially beneficial activities.

Similar to the real estate investment options, there are additional administrative fees required by the Citizenship by Investment Unit. These fees are only payable after your application has received pre-approval.

You can find a list of approved public benefit projects on St Kitts and Nevis official government website.

Minimum Investment Requirements

Investment Requirement

• Base Investment for the entire family: USD 250 000

Post-Approval Admin Fees

• Main applicant: inclusive with the investment
• Spouse: USD 15 000
• Each dependent under 18: USD 10 000
• Each dependent aged 18 or over: USD 15 000

Example

Using the family example above, if the main applicant, spouse, three minor children and three parents (the main applicant’s mother and father and the spouse’s mother) proceed with the Public Benefit option, the investment requirement for St Kitts and Nevis citizenship would be as follows:

Investment Requirement

• Base Investment for the entire family: USD 250 000

Post-Approval Admin Fees

• Spouse: USD 15 000
• Additional dependents (three children, all under 18): 3 x USD 10 000 = USD 30 000
• Additional dependents (three parents, all over 18): 3 x USD 15 000 = USD 45 000

The total investment required would be USD 250 000 for the public benefit project investment and USD 90 000 in post-approval admin fees.

Eligibility And Documentation For St Kitts And Nevis Citizenship

The application process for St Kitts And Nevis citizenship is thorough and requires careful attention to detail. Applicants must meet specific eligibility criteria and provide a range of supporting documentation to demonstrate their qualifications. The process is designed to ensure that only individuals who meet the program’s high standards are approved for citizenship. Understanding who can apply and the necessary documentation is the first step in navigating this rigorous process.

Who Can Apply?

To qualify for the St Kitts and Nevis CBI program, the main applicant must meet the following criteria:

• Be at least 18 years old
• Have a clean criminal record
• Be in good health
• Complete the required investment or contribution in accordance with Citizenship by Investment (CBI) regulations
• Fulfill all other CBI application requirements

Disqualifying Factors

Certain factors can disqualify an applicant, including:

• Bankruptcy
• Denial of citizenship by another country
• Denial of a visa to a country with which St Kitts and Nevis has visa-free travel, unless the denial has since been overturned
• Criminal record or ongoing criminal investigation
• Involvement in activities that could bring disrepute to St Kitts and Nevis

Banned Nationalities

The St Kitts and Nevis Citizenship by Investment program currently restricts applications from nationals of certain countries. Individuals from Afghanistan, Belarus, Iran, Iraq, North Korea and Russia are not eligible to apply for citizenship through the program, reflecting the program’s compliance with international regulations and policies.

Eligible Dependents

The following dependents can be included within the same citizenship application as the main applicant:

• Legally married spouse (same-sex marriages are not recognized)
• Children under 18
• Children between 18 and 25 who are full-time students and financially dependent on the main applicant
• Children aged 18 or over with physical or mental disabilities
• Parents of the main applicant or spouse aged 65 or older, living with and supported by the main applicant

All dependents must meet similar eligibility criteria as the main applicant, including having a clean criminal record, be in good health and fulfill other requirements.

Required Documentation

While your agent will create a tailored checklist based on your family and specific circumstances, the following documents are generally required for the St Kitts and Nevis Citizenship by Investment program:

Representation

Licensed agents are a mandatory part of the St Kitts and Nevis Citizenship by Investment program to ensure the application process is handled professionally and in line with government regulations.

As mentioned above, your chosen licensed agent will handle your application process and ensure all requirements are met.

Due Diligence

All applicants must submit key identification documents such as a birth certificate, passport from their country of origin and national ID. A clean criminal background check is mandatory for applicants aged 16 and over and must be obtained from every jurisdiction where you have lived. Additional documents may include marriage and divorce certificates, if applicable.

Health Certification

Applicants must provide a medical certificate, including an HIV test and a full blood count, certified by a registered doctor. In most cases, having an existing medical condition does not disqualify applicants, but contagious diseases may affect eligibility.

Character And Professional References

Letters of recommendation from professional and personal referees are often required to support the application and affirm your character and standing.

Financial Evidence

To verify the legitimacy of your funds, you will need to submit financial documentation such as investment statements, bank records and proof of employment or self-employment. The main applicant must also demonstrate their ability to cover the full cost of the program, including the required investment and all associated fees.

Investment Documentation

You must provide legally validated documents related to your chosen investment, such as real estate purchase agreements. These documents will serve as proof of your commitment to the program’s financial requirements.

Application Forms

The application process involves a complex set of forms, including a Power of Attorney (POA) and various legal and financial documents. These forms require careful attention, as they cover details such as eligibility, investment and personal information. Mistakes or missing information can lead to delays or even rejection, which is why your licensed agent plays a key role in ensuring that all forms are accurately completed and submitted in accordance with government guidelines.

Document Certification

Some documents must be notarized or apostilled to meet international legal standards, ensuring they are officially recognized for use in the citizenship process. Notarization involves having a licensed notary verify the authenticity of signatures, while an apostille certifies the document for use in foreign countries. These steps are essential to confirm the validity and legal standing of your application. Your agent will guide you through the process, explaining where and how to get the necessary certifications, ensuring that everything complies with the government’s strict requirements.

St Kitts And Nevis Citizenship Cost & Fees

While the minimum investment forms a key part of the St Kitts and Nevis Citizenship by Investment program, it’s important to account for additional costs that can significantly impact the total expenditure. These costs include:

• Agent professional fees: these vary by agent and cover the services provided throughout the application process, such as document preparation, submission and guidance.
• Application fees: USD 250 per applicant, covering the basic administrative cost of processing your application.
• Due diligence fees:
  • Main applicant: USD 10 000
  • Each dependent (16 years and older): USD 7 500
• Passport fees: payable once citizenship is approved, covering the issuance of your St Kitts and Nevis passport.
• Other fees: these can include transaction fees for transferring funds, currency conversion fees, bank due diligence fees, certificate of registration fees, courier services for document delivery, translation services and apostille fees for certifying documents.

Step-By-Step Process For Obtaining St Kitts And Nevis Citizenship

Step 1: Research And Understand the Requirements

Start by thoroughly familiarizing yourself with the St Kitts and Nevis Citizenship by Investment program. Carefully review the investment options and compare them with other CBI programs to ensure this aligns with your financial goals and long-term plans. It’s also essential to understand eligibility criteria for both the main applicant and any dependents as well as the minimum investment amounts, fees and restrictions, including the exclusion of certain nationalities. Comparing this program to other CBI options can help ensure you choose the one that best meets your needs.

Step 2: Select An Authorized Agent

Engaging a licensed authorized agent is mandatory for applying to the St Kitts and Nevis CBI program. The agent is essential for navigating the complexities of the application process and ensuring that all documents are prepared and submitted in accordance with government regulations. Select a reputable agent with experience in CBI applications to ensure your process runs smoothly and to minimize potential delays or rejections.

Find A Professional

Step 3: Work With Your Agent

Once you’ve chosen an agent, work closely with them to prepare all the necessary forms and supporting documentation. This includes gathering personal, financial and legal documents such as birth certificates, proof of funds and a clean criminal record.

Your agent will also perform a thorough preliminary check, ensuring that all documents are complete and accurate before submission. This step is important in reducing the chances of delays or rejection due to missing or incorrect information.

Step 4: Submit Hard Copies

Once your documentation is finalized, your agent will organize and submit the hard copies of your application, as required by law. This submission must follow the formal process set out by the St Kitts and Nevis government, and all necessary documents must be physically delivered to the Citizenship by Investment Unit (CIU). Your agent will ensure that everything is properly compiled and submitted on time to avoid any administrative delays.

Step 5: Application Processing

Once your application is submitted, the Citizenship by Investment Unit will begin processing and conducting comprehensive due diligence checks to ensure that all applicants meet the program’s standards. This vetting process involves multiple entities to ensure thorough examination of your background, including:

• The Citizenship by Investment Unit will conduct internal reviews, including Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Counter-Terrorism Financing (CTF) vetting.
• Mandated international due diligence firms will perform both online and on-the-ground checks, verifying your personal, financial and professional background.
• Regional and international law enforcement agencies will ensure you are not listed on any wanted or sanctions lists.

Interview Process

All main applicants are required to attend a mandatory interview. This interview will be conducted either by an independent professional firm hired by the CIU or by CIU officials. It can be held virtually, in person in St Kitts and Nevis or at an approved location.

Dependents aged 16 or older may also be required to attend an interview at the discretion of the CIU.

Step 6: Application Decision

Typically, within 120 to 180 days, you will receive a decision from the CIU. You will either be approved in principle, asked for further information or, in some cases, denied.

If additional documentation is requested, your agent will help you submit it promptly.

If approved in principle, you will be ready to proceed with the investment phase of the process.

Step 7: Make Your Investment

Upon receiving approval in principle, you will be required to make the necessary investment based on the option you selected. Your agent will ensure that all transactions are properly completed and documented.

Step 8: Citizenship Certificate Issuance

After making the required investment and fulfilling all the necessary conditions, the Citizenship by Investment Unit will issue your citizenship certificate This process may take a few weeks, as the investment must first be verified before the document is finalized. This document officially confirms your status as a citizen of St Kitts and Nevis and is an important part of the process for obtaining your passport.

Step 9: Apply For Your Passport

After receiving your citizenship certificate, the next step is to apply for your St Kitts and Nevis passport. This process is separate from the Citizenship by Investment program and must be completed through the relevant passport office. Your agent will typically assist with this process, guiding you through the submission of the necessary documents, such as your citizenship certificate and passport application forms. Once your passport is issued, you’ll be able to enjoy the full benefits of St Kitts and Nevis citizenship, including enhanced global mobility.

The passport is valid for 10 years for adults and 5 years for children under 16.

FAQ

What Is The St Kitts And Nevis Citizenship By Investment Program?

The St Kitts and Nevis CBI program allows individuals and their families to obtain citizenship through a financial investment in the country. This program, which began in 1984, is the longest-running Citizenship by Investment program in the world. Successful applicants gain full citizenship and a St Kitts and Nevis passport, which provides visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to many countries worldwide.

What Are The Investment Options For St Kitts And Nevis Citizenship?

The program offers four investment options:

• Sustainable Island State Contribution (SISC): a non-refundable donation to support the country’s economic development starting at USD 250 000.
• Approved Real Estate Investment: purchase of government-approved real estate with a minimum investment of USD 400 000, resalable after 7 years.
• Private Real Estate Investment: this option includes two categories:
  • Condominiums or shares in approved developments: a minimum investment of USD 400000, with a required holding period of 7 years.
  • Single-family homes: a minimum investment of USD 800000, also with a required holding period of 7 years.

Each option has different benefits and financial commitments, so it’s important to choose one that aligns with your long-term goals.

Can I Include My Family In The Application?

Yes, you can include your immediate family members in the application. Eligible dependents include:

• Spouses
• Children under the age of 18
• Children between 18 and 25 who are full-time students and financially dependent on the main applicant
• Parents of the main applicant or spouse, who over the age of 65 and are financially dependent on the main applicant.

Are There Any Restrictions Based On Nationality?

Yes, the St Kitts and Nevis CBI program excludes nationals from certain countries. Currently, nationals of Afghanistan, Belarus, Iran, Iraq, North Korea and Russia are ineligible. However, individuals who have lived outside these countries for a substantial period and have no significant ties may be considered on a case-by-case basis.

What Is The Role Of Licensed Agents And International Marketing Agents In The Application Process?

Licensed agents are authorized by the St Kitts and Nevis government to manage and submit Citizenship by Investment applications on behalf of applicants. They are legally required for the application process and will assist in gathering documentation, performing initial due diligence and submitting the application to the Citizenship by Investment Unit (CIU).

International marketing agents, on the other hand, are responsible for promoting the CBI program to potential applicants. They are not authorized to submit applications but act as intermediaries. The licensed agent handles all formal aspects of the process, ensuring that the application complies with government regulations.

How Long Does The Application Process Take?

The processing time for a St Kitts and Nevis CBI application typically ranges from 120 to 180 days. This timeframe includes background checks, document verification and the mandatory interview for main applicants. Delays can occur if additional documentation or information is requested.

Is Military Service Required For Citizens Of St Kitts And Nevis?

No, citizens of St Kitts and Nevis are not required to perform military service.

What Are The Tax Implications Of Becoming A Citizen Of St Kitts And Nevis?

Citizens of St Kitts and Nevis benefit from favorable tax laws. The country does not impose income tax on worldwide income, nor are there capital gains or inheritance taxes. However, taxes apply to income derived within St Kitts and Nevis, and individuals may still be subject to taxes in their home country depending on their tax residency status.

What Is The Due Diligence Process?

The due diligence process involves a series of background checks to ensure that all applicants meet the high standards of the St Kitts and Nevis CBI program. The process includes:

• Local authorized agents conducting initial Know Your Client (KYC) checks to verify the applicant’s identity and financial background.
• Internal checks by the CIU, including Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Counter-Terrorism Financing (CTF) vetting.
• International due diligence firms performing in-depth background checks, both online and on-site, to verify the applicant’s personal, professional and financial history.
• Regional and international law enforcement agencies checking to ensure that the applicant is not listed on any sanctions or wanted lists.

This rigorous process helps maintain the integrity of the CBI program and ensures that only individuals of good character are granted citizenship.

Is An Interview Required For All Applicants?

Yes, all main applicants are required to attend a mandatory interview. The interview may be conducted virtually, in person in St Kitts and Nevis, or at an approved location, depending on your circumstances. Dependents aged 16 or older may also be required to attend an interview at the discretion of the CIU.

What Is An Apostille?

An apostille is a certification that verifies the authenticity of a document for use in foreign countries. It ensures that a document, such as a birth certificate or marriage certificate, is legally recognized in other countries. Apostilles are typically required for documents submitted as part of the CBI application process.

Can I Sell The Property I Invest In Through The CBI Program?

Yes, if you invest in real estate through the CBI program, you can sell the property after the required holding period of 7 years. However, properties purchased through the private real estate option cannot be used for future CBI applications.

Can My Citizenship Be Revoked?

While citizenship granted through the CBI program is granted for life, it can be revoked in cases of fraud, providing false information or engaging in criminal activity. If such cases arise, the government reserves the right to strip individuals of their citizenship.